Dungeon Keeper 2 is a strategy game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts in 1999 for Microsoft Windows. The sequel to Dungeon Keeper, the player takes the role of a 'dungeon keeper', building and defending an underground dungeon from the would-be heroes that invade it, as well as from other keepers. You're Mac is kept safe regardless of what OS you happen to be using on it, which is pretty cool. Further security protection is provided by MacKeeper's Anti-Theft module. If your Mac is ever stolen, Anti-Theft can track its geographical location based on Wi-Fi and IP address; and then report its location back to you.
| Developer(s) | Apple Inc. |
|---|---|
| Initial release | July 25, 2012 |
| Operating system | macOS |
Gatekeeper is a security feature of the macOSoperating system by Apple.[1][2] It enforces code signing and verifies downloaded applications before allowing them to run, thereby reducing the likelihood of inadvertently executing malware. Gatekeeper builds upon File Quarantine, which was introduced in Mac OS X Leopard and expanded in Mac OS X Snow Leopard.[3][4] The feature originated in version 10.7.3 of Mac OS X Lion as the command-line utilityspctl.[5][6] A graphical user interface was added in OS X Mountain Lion and later also in version 10.7.5 of Lion.[7]
Functions[edit]
Configuration[edit]
In the security & privacy panel of System Preferences, the user has three options:
- Mac App Store
- Allows only applications downloaded from the Mac App Store to be launched.
- Mac App Store and identified developers
- Allows applications downloaded from the Mac App Store and applications signed by certified Apple developers to be launched. This is the default setting since Mountain Lion.
- Anywhere
- Allows all applications to be launched. This effectively turns Gatekeeper off. This is the default setting in Lion. Since macOS Sierra, this option is hidden by default.[8][9]
- However, this option can be re-enabled by using the 'sudo spctl --master-disable' command from the Terminal and authenticating with an admin password.
The command-line utility spctl provides granular controls, such as custom rules and individual or blanket permissions, as well as an option to turn Gatekeeper off.[6]
Quarantine[edit]
Upon download of an application, a particular extended file attribute ('quarantine flag') can be added to the downloaded file.[10] This attribute is added by the application that downloads the file, such as a web browser or email client, but is not usually added by common BitTorrent client software, such as Transmission, and application developers will need to implement this feature into their applications and is not implemented by the system. The system can also force this behavior upon individual applications using a signature-based system named Xprotect.[11]
Execution[edit]
When the user attempts to open an application with such an attribute, the system will postpone the execution and verify whether it is:
- blacklisted,
- code-signed by Apple or a certified developer,
- the code-signed contents still match the signature.
Since Mac OS X Snow Leopard, the system keeps two blacklists to identify known malware or insecure software. The blacklists are updated periodically. If the application is blacklisted, then File Quarantine will refuse to open it and recommend to the user to move it to trash.[11][12]
Gatekeeper will refuse to open the application if the code-signing requirements are not met. Apple can revoke the developer's certificate with which the application was signed and prevent further distribution.[1][3]
Once an application has passed File Quarantine or Gatekeeper, it will be allowed to run normally and will not be verified again.[1][3]
Override[edit]
To override Gatekeeper, the user (acting as an administrator) either has to switch to a more lenient policy from the security & privacy panel of System Preferences or authorize a manual override for a particular application, either by opening the application from the context menu or by adding it with spctl.[1]
Path randomization[edit]
Developers can sign disk images that can be verified as a unit by the system. In macOS Sierra, this allows developers to guarantee the integrity of all bundled files and prevent attackers from infecting and subsequently redistributing them. In addition, 'path randomization' executes application bundles from a random, hidden path and prevents them from accessing external files relative to their location. This feature is turned off if the application bundle originated from a signed installer package or disk image or if the user manually moved the application without any other files to another directory.[8]
Implications[edit]
The effectiveness and rationale of Gatekeeper in combating malware have been acknowledged,[3] but been met with reservations. Security researcher Chris Miller noted that Gatekeeper will verify the developer certificate and consult the known-malware list only when the application is first opened. Malware that already passed Gatekeeper will not be stopped.[13] In addition, Gatekeeper will only verify applications that have the quarantine flag. As this flag is added by other applications and not by the system, any neglect or failure to do so does not trigger Gatekeeper. According to security blogger Thomas Reed, BitTorrent clients are frequent offenders of this. The flag is also not added if the application came from a different source, like network shares and USB flash drives.[10][13] Questions have also been raised about the registration process to acquire a developer certificate and the prospect of certificate theft.[14]
In September 2015, security researcher Patrick Wardle wrote about another shortcoming that concerns applications that are distributed with external files, such as libraries or even HTML files that can contain JavaScript.[8] An attacker can manipulate those files and through them exploit a vulnerability in the signed application. The application and its external files can then be redistributed, while leaving the original signature of the application bundle itself intact. As Gatekeeper does not verify such individual files, the security can be compromised.[15] With path randomization and signed disk images, Apple provided mechanisms to mitigate this issue in macOS Sierra.[8]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcd'OS X: About Gatekeeper'. Apple. February 13, 2015. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^Siegler, MG (February 16, 2012). 'Surprise! OS X Mountain Lion Roars Into Existence (For Developers Today, Everyone This Summer)'. TechCrunch. AOL Inc. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
- ^ abcdSiracusa, John (July 25, 2012). 'OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion: the Ars Technica review'. Ars Technica. pp. 14–15. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^Reed, Thomas (April 25, 2014). 'Mac Malware Guide : How does Mac OS X protect me?'. The Safe Mac. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
- ^Ullrich, Johannes (February 22, 2012). 'How to test OS X Mountain Lion's Gatekeeper in Lion'. Internet Storm Center. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^ ab'spctl(8)'. Mac Developer Library. Apple. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^'About the OS X Lion v10.7.5 Update'. Apple. February 13, 2015. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^ abcd'What's New in Security'. Apple Developer (Video). June 15, 2016. At 21:45. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^Cunningham, Andrew (June 15, 2016). 'Some nerdy changes in macOS and iOS 10: RAW shooting, a harsher Gatekeeper, more'. Ars Technica UK. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^ abReed, Thomas (October 6, 2015). 'Bypassing Apple's Gatekeeper'. Malwarebytes Labs. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^ abMoren, Dan (August 26, 2009). 'Inside Snow Leopard's hidden malware protection'. Macworld. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^'About the 'Are you sure you want to open it?' alert (File Quarantine / Known Malware Detection) in OS X'. Apple Support. March 22, 2016. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ abForesman, Chris (February 17, 2012). 'Mac developers: Gatekeeper is a concern, but still gives power users control'. Ars Technica. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^Chatterjee, Surojit (February 21, 2012). 'OS X Mountain Lion Gatekeeper: Can it Really Keep Malware Out?'. International Business Times. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
- ^Goodin, Dan. 'Drop-dead simple exploit completely bypasses Mac's malware Gatekeeper'. Ars Technica. Archived from the original on March 20, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
A downloadable game for Windows, macOS, and Linux
KeeperRL is an ambitious dungeon builder with roguelike elements. Take the role of an evil wizard and seek the ultimate knowledge of destruction. Explore the world, murder innocent villagers and burn their homes. Build your dungeon, lay traps and prepare for an assault of angry heroes.
When you control your minions the game becomes a classic roguelike, with turn-based and very tactical combat. You can also play as an adventurer and assault dungeons made by you or other players.
Dungeon management
You will dig deep into the mountain and build dozens of rooms, corridors and traps. Your minions will train and produce weapons and armor. Prisoners will be tortured. You will research new technologies like alchemy, beast mutation and sorcery.
Roguelike mechanics
The world is simulated on a very detailed level. Creatures use equipment and consumable items. There are dozens of special items, spells, attributes and special attacks. You can cut off heads and limbs and blind or poison your enemies. If you're not careful with fire, you can burn an entire forest or even your own dungeon.
Online dungeon sharing
Retire your dungeon and let other players explore it as adventurers, witnessing the destruction you've done and fighting with the forces that you've left behind.
The free version is the same as the full version, except it's ASCII-only. See screenshot.
This is an alpha release of the game. If you decide to purchase, you will have access to all future versions, including the final release. But the game is not completed yet, and some features might not be working. Please keep it in mind when purchasing.
Visit: http://keeperrl.com
| Updated | 24 days ago |
| Status | In development |
| Platforms | Windows, macOS, Linux |
| Rating | |
| Author | miki151 |
| Genre | Strategy |
| Tags | Roguelike |
| License | GNU General Public License v3.0 (GPL) |
| Average session | A few hours |
| Languages | English |
| Inputs | Keyboard, Mouse |
| Mentions | Developer interview with Kenney Vleugels |
Purchase
In order to download this game you must purchase it at or above the minimum price of $20 USD. Your purchase comes with a Steam key. You will get access to the following files:
Download demo
Forest Keepers Mac Os 11
Development log
- KeeperRL Alpha23 is released!Oct 21, 2017
Log in with itch.io to leave a comment.
Hey, can please someone help me here.
Cant start the game with mac os:
Upon download of an application, a particular extended file attribute ('quarantine flag') can be added to the downloaded file.[10] This attribute is added by the application that downloads the file, such as a web browser or email client, but is not usually added by common BitTorrent client software, such as Transmission, and application developers will need to implement this feature into their applications and is not implemented by the system. The system can also force this behavior upon individual applications using a signature-based system named Xprotect.[11]
Execution[edit]
When the user attempts to open an application with such an attribute, the system will postpone the execution and verify whether it is:
- blacklisted,
- code-signed by Apple or a certified developer,
- the code-signed contents still match the signature.
Since Mac OS X Snow Leopard, the system keeps two blacklists to identify known malware or insecure software. The blacklists are updated periodically. If the application is blacklisted, then File Quarantine will refuse to open it and recommend to the user to move it to trash.[11][12]
Gatekeeper will refuse to open the application if the code-signing requirements are not met. Apple can revoke the developer's certificate with which the application was signed and prevent further distribution.[1][3]
Once an application has passed File Quarantine or Gatekeeper, it will be allowed to run normally and will not be verified again.[1][3]
Override[edit]
To override Gatekeeper, the user (acting as an administrator) either has to switch to a more lenient policy from the security & privacy panel of System Preferences or authorize a manual override for a particular application, either by opening the application from the context menu or by adding it with spctl.[1]
Path randomization[edit]
Developers can sign disk images that can be verified as a unit by the system. In macOS Sierra, this allows developers to guarantee the integrity of all bundled files and prevent attackers from infecting and subsequently redistributing them. In addition, 'path randomization' executes application bundles from a random, hidden path and prevents them from accessing external files relative to their location. This feature is turned off if the application bundle originated from a signed installer package or disk image or if the user manually moved the application without any other files to another directory.[8]
Implications[edit]
The effectiveness and rationale of Gatekeeper in combating malware have been acknowledged,[3] but been met with reservations. Security researcher Chris Miller noted that Gatekeeper will verify the developer certificate and consult the known-malware list only when the application is first opened. Malware that already passed Gatekeeper will not be stopped.[13] In addition, Gatekeeper will only verify applications that have the quarantine flag. As this flag is added by other applications and not by the system, any neglect or failure to do so does not trigger Gatekeeper. According to security blogger Thomas Reed, BitTorrent clients are frequent offenders of this. The flag is also not added if the application came from a different source, like network shares and USB flash drives.[10][13] Questions have also been raised about the registration process to acquire a developer certificate and the prospect of certificate theft.[14]
In September 2015, security researcher Patrick Wardle wrote about another shortcoming that concerns applications that are distributed with external files, such as libraries or even HTML files that can contain JavaScript.[8] An attacker can manipulate those files and through them exploit a vulnerability in the signed application. The application and its external files can then be redistributed, while leaving the original signature of the application bundle itself intact. As Gatekeeper does not verify such individual files, the security can be compromised.[15] With path randomization and signed disk images, Apple provided mechanisms to mitigate this issue in macOS Sierra.[8]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcd'OS X: About Gatekeeper'. Apple. February 13, 2015. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^Siegler, MG (February 16, 2012). 'Surprise! OS X Mountain Lion Roars Into Existence (For Developers Today, Everyone This Summer)'. TechCrunch. AOL Inc. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
- ^ abcdSiracusa, John (July 25, 2012). 'OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion: the Ars Technica review'. Ars Technica. pp. 14–15. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^Reed, Thomas (April 25, 2014). 'Mac Malware Guide : How does Mac OS X protect me?'. The Safe Mac. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
- ^Ullrich, Johannes (February 22, 2012). 'How to test OS X Mountain Lion's Gatekeeper in Lion'. Internet Storm Center. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^ ab'spctl(8)'. Mac Developer Library. Apple. Retrieved July 27, 2012.
- ^'About the OS X Lion v10.7.5 Update'. Apple. February 13, 2015. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^ abcd'What's New in Security'. Apple Developer (Video). June 15, 2016. At 21:45. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^Cunningham, Andrew (June 15, 2016). 'Some nerdy changes in macOS and iOS 10: RAW shooting, a harsher Gatekeeper, more'. Ars Technica UK. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^ abReed, Thomas (October 6, 2015). 'Bypassing Apple's Gatekeeper'. Malwarebytes Labs. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
- ^ abMoren, Dan (August 26, 2009). 'Inside Snow Leopard's hidden malware protection'. Macworld. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^'About the 'Are you sure you want to open it?' alert (File Quarantine / Known Malware Detection) in OS X'. Apple Support. March 22, 2016. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ abForesman, Chris (February 17, 2012). 'Mac developers: Gatekeeper is a concern, but still gives power users control'. Ars Technica. Retrieved June 18, 2015.
- ^Chatterjee, Surojit (February 21, 2012). 'OS X Mountain Lion Gatekeeper: Can it Really Keep Malware Out?'. International Business Times. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
- ^Goodin, Dan. 'Drop-dead simple exploit completely bypasses Mac's malware Gatekeeper'. Ars Technica. Archived from the original on March 20, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
A downloadable game for Windows, macOS, and Linux
KeeperRL is an ambitious dungeon builder with roguelike elements. Take the role of an evil wizard and seek the ultimate knowledge of destruction. Explore the world, murder innocent villagers and burn their homes. Build your dungeon, lay traps and prepare for an assault of angry heroes.
When you control your minions the game becomes a classic roguelike, with turn-based and very tactical combat. You can also play as an adventurer and assault dungeons made by you or other players.
Dungeon management
You will dig deep into the mountain and build dozens of rooms, corridors and traps. Your minions will train and produce weapons and armor. Prisoners will be tortured. You will research new technologies like alchemy, beast mutation and sorcery.
Roguelike mechanics
The world is simulated on a very detailed level. Creatures use equipment and consumable items. There are dozens of special items, spells, attributes and special attacks. You can cut off heads and limbs and blind or poison your enemies. If you're not careful with fire, you can burn an entire forest or even your own dungeon.
Online dungeon sharing
Retire your dungeon and let other players explore it as adventurers, witnessing the destruction you've done and fighting with the forces that you've left behind.
The free version is the same as the full version, except it's ASCII-only. See screenshot.
This is an alpha release of the game. If you decide to purchase, you will have access to all future versions, including the final release. But the game is not completed yet, and some features might not be working. Please keep it in mind when purchasing.
Visit: http://keeperrl.com
| Updated | 24 days ago |
| Status | In development |
| Platforms | Windows, macOS, Linux |
| Rating | |
| Author | miki151 |
| Genre | Strategy |
| Tags | Roguelike |
| License | GNU General Public License v3.0 (GPL) |
| Average session | A few hours |
| Languages | English |
| Inputs | Keyboard, Mouse |
| Mentions | Developer interview with Kenney Vleugels |
Purchase
In order to download this game you must purchase it at or above the minimum price of $20 USD. Your purchase comes with a Steam key. You will get access to the following files:
Download demo
Forest Keepers Mac Os 11
Development log
- KeeperRL Alpha23 is released!Oct 21, 2017
Log in with itch.io to leave a comment.
Hey, can please someone help me here.
Cant start the game with mac os:
keeper_mac.command as written... got this screen.
Last login: Sun Feb 28 17:54:03 on ttys000
Robins-iMac:~ RobinLehmann$ /Users/RobinLehmann/Desktop/keeperRL_alpha31_3_free/keeper_mac.command ; exit;
/Users/RobinLehmann/Desktop/keeperRL_alpha31_3_free/keeper_mac.command: line 2: cd: osx: No such file or directory
/Users/RobinLehmann/Desktop/keeperRL_alpha31_3_free/keeper_mac.command: line 3: ./keeper: No such file or directory
logout
Saving session...
...copying shared history...
Forest Keepers Mac Os X
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.
[Prozess beendet]
Hi, sorry for the late reply. How did you run keeper_mac.command? Have you tried clicking on it from finder?
Will you join the Bundle for Racial Justice and Equality?
wait, is it eye of mage from HoMM III on site wallpaper?
Awesome! I really like the punch of nostalgia from the dwarf fortress esque style.
I want to buy the game but when I want to pay with PayPal I get an error message. Seems to be a problem on this site. Buying other games here on itch.io works.
Same here. Only a PayPal button shows up and it doesn't even work.
I already wrote to a developer and he replyed that he will look after it. I also wrote to itch.io staff but no response yet.
Great game, even though waiting for all adamandite training is a wee bit boring.
And enemies are rather boring after initial map is cleared.
Initial map and final keeper present some challenge though.
Just a heads up, for the free version on OS X, when I ran keeper_mac.command script, I was getting errors: FATAL input is false. Failed to load so-and-so from ./data/contribs/something.txt or Failed to load from ./data/free/another.ttf.
I found that if you just moved the relevant folders into /osx/ folder everything works.
Thanks! Looks like an awesome game!
I realized that I was running the wrong keeper_mac.command (the one in folder /osx). It works as expected if you run keeper_mac.command from the top level without moving files. My bad!
I bought your game on Steam a while back and had no idea at the time your game was on itch. Is there a way, without buying it a second time, I could get you game on itch? I actually prefer itch, and GOG, to Steam. I could send you a screenshot of it in my Steam library if that would help.
There's a slight issue (easy to fix!) for Linux users with https://itch.io/app - if you could take a look at this thread I'm sure it'll be resolved in no time :)
It took me a while to see your comment. I'll use the launching script that you pointed to in the github thread. Thanks.
Hey miki151, I have been following your game for around 2 years, and I bought it here on itch.io about 150 days ago. I didn't have a computer at the time, but I had a little spare cash and wanted to buy it so that I could play once I got a computer. I have been playing for 3 1/2 hours, but unfortunately every time I get decently far into a game, it starts to crash relentlessly, I've tried playing for 2 minutes, and saving, and repeating, but eventually it'll just begin crashing even when I try to save. It is very frustrating because I love the game, but It is just too impossible to play like this. I was reading the forums and I heard that it seems to crash less when launched through steam, and so I was wondering where I could find the steam-key to add it to my library? I've tried every compatibility mode and other launch setting, and nothing is working. Please let me know what I can do/try.
Thanks!
Hey, I'm not aware of any crashes that could happen so often, especially during saving. The Steam version has been updated with a few fixes that will make it to itch.io very soon, but I don't think they'll change anything. But you can get a steam key if you bought the game on itch.io. Do you have a save file that causes the game to crash soon after the game loads it? I would love to see it. Feel free to email me at miki@keeperrl.com
Hey miki151, I have been following your game for around 2 years, and I bought it here on itch.io about 150 days ago. I didn't have a computer at the time, but I had a little spare cash and wanted to buy it so that I could play once I got a computer. I have been playing for 3 1/2 hours, but unfortunately every time I get decently far into a game, it starts to crash relentlessly, I've tried playing for 2 minutes, and saving, and repeating, but eventually it'll just begin crashing even when I try to save. It is very frustrating because I love the game, but It is just too impossible to play like this. I was reading the forums and I heard that it seems to crash less when launched through steam, and so I was wondering where I could find the steam-key to add it to my library? I've tried every compatibility mode and other launch setting, and nothing is working. Please let me know what I can do/try.
Thanks!
The developer is active and devouted to the title, which earned him a loyal fellowship. While the game isn't finished yet, there is already lots of fun to be had. It's fun to develop dungeons and try to succeed in those of your fellow players. Go and try it yourself, enjoy!
Forest Keepers Mac Os Download
